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post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Updated</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2023-09-25T16:28:17.768Z" title="Updated 2023-09-26 00:28:17">2023-09-26</time></span><span class="post-meta-categories"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-inbox fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><a class="post-meta-categories" href="/bk/categories/%E5%90%8E%E7%AB%AF/">后端</a></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="【spring Cache】spring Cache+Redis缓存"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Post View:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h2 id="Spring-Cache"><a href="#Spring-Cache" class="headerlink" title="Spring Cache"></a>Spring Cache</h2><h3 id="介绍"><a href="#介绍" class="headerlink" title="介绍"></a>介绍</h3><p><code>Spring Cache</code>是一个框架，实现了<code>基于注解的缓存功能</code>，只需要简单地加一个注解，就能实现缓存功能。</p>
<p>Spring Cache提供了一层抽象，底层可以切换不同的cache实现（可以是redis….）。具体就是通过CacheManager接口来统一不同的缓荐技术。</p>
<p>CacheManager是Spring提供的各种缓存技术抽象接口。</p>
<h3 id="常用注解"><a href="#常用注解" class="headerlink" title="常用注解"></a>常用注解</h3><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>注解</th>
<th>说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>@EnableCaching</td>
<td>开启缓存注解功能</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>@Cacheable</td>
<td>在方法执行前spring先查看缓存中是否有数据，如果有数据，则直接返回缓存数据若没有数据，调用方法并将方法返回值放到缓存中</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>@CachePut</td>
<td>将方法的返回值放到缓存中</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>@CacheEvict</td>
<td>将一条或多条数据从缓存中删除</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 id="引入依赖"><a href="#引入依赖" class="headerlink" title="引入依赖"></a>引入依赖</h3><p> spring-boot-starter-web 中包含 spring-context，  spring-context 中包含了spring Cache</p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">       <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-web<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>spring Cache 默认是配置是存到内存中的 (将 cacheManager 注入到容器就能看到)，因此需要将其保存到redis中</p>
<p>添加依赖 <code>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</code>, <code>spring-boot-starter-cache</code></p>
<figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">     <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-data-redis<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span>org.springframework.boot<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">groupId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span>spring-boot-starter-cache<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">artifactId</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span>2.6.7<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">version</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">dependency</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="配置开启"><a href="#配置开启" class="headerlink" title="配置开启"></a>配置开启</h3><p>启动类配置开启cache , 添加 <code>@EnableCaching</code></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@SpringBootApplication</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@MapperScan(&quot;com.zself.zselfapi.dao&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@EnableCaching</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">ZSelfApiApplication</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">main</span><span class="params">(String[] args)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        SpringApplication.run(ZSelfApiApplication.class, args);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="redis配置"><a href="#redis配置" class="headerlink" title="redis配置"></a>redis配置</h3><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">spring:</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">redis:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">host:</span> <span class="number">127.0</span><span class="number">.0</span><span class="number">.1</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">port:</span> <span class="number">6379</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">database:</span> <span class="number">5</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="cache配置"><a href="#cache配置" class="headerlink" title="cache配置"></a>cache配置</h3><p>下面两种方式，推荐使用配置类</p>
<h4 id="yaml配置"><a href="#yaml配置" class="headerlink" title="yaml配置"></a>yaml配置</h4><figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">spring:</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">cache:</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="attr">redis:</span></span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">time-to-live:</span> <span class="number">15000</span> <span class="comment">#配置spring-cache的过期时间</span></span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">key-prefix: :</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h4 id="配置类"><a href="#配置类" class="headerlink" title="配置类"></a>配置类</h4><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * spring cache配置类</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Configuration</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">SpringCacheConfig</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Bean</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">public</span> CacheManager <span class="title function_">cacheManager</span><span class="params">(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory)</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="type">RedisCacheConfiguration</span> <span class="variable">config</span> <span class="operator">=</span> RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// 配置过期时间</span></span><br><span class="line">                .entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(<span class="number">1</span>))</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// 将默认的双冒号转换为单冒号</span></span><br><span class="line">                .computePrefixWith(name -&gt; name +<span class="string">&quot;:&quot;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// key序列化</span></span><br><span class="line">                .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">StringRedisSerializer</span>()))</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="comment">// value 序列化</span></span><br><span class="line">                .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(<span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer</span>()))</span><br><span class="line">                .disableCachingNullValues();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="type">RedisCacheManager</span> <span class="variable">cacheManager</span> <span class="operator">=</span> RedisCacheManager.RedisCacheManagerBuilder</span><br><span class="line">                .fromConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory)</span><br><span class="line">                .cacheDefaults(config)</span><br><span class="line">                .transactionAware()</span><br><span class="line">                .build();</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> cacheManager;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>





<h3 id="设置缓存"><a href="#设置缓存" class="headerlink" title="设置缓存"></a>设置缓存</h3><p>从形参列表中获取key</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Resource</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">private</span> CacheManager cacheManager;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * value 大类别key</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * key 大类别下的具体key 支持el表达式此处支持从参数中获取id</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> billForm</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 下面为支持的写法：</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@CachePut</span>(value=&quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;#billForm.id&quot;) </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@CacheEvict</span>(value =userCache ,key =#p0.id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@CacheEvict</span>(value =&quot;userCache&quot;key =&quot;#root.args[0].id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@CachePut(value=&quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#billForm.id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> R <span class="title function_">update</span><span class="params">(BillForm billForm)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> billSave(billForm);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>返回值中获取key</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * value 大类别key</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * key 大类别下的具体key 支持el表达式此处支持从返回值中获取id</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> billForm</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@CachePut(value = &quot;billCache&quot;, key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#result.data.id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> R <span class="title function_">add</span><span class="params">(BillForm billForm)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">     <span class="type">Bill</span> <span class="variable">bill</span> <span class="operator">=</span> billSave(billForm);</span><br><span class="line">     R&lt;Bill&gt; success = success(bill);</span><br><span class="line">     <span class="keyword">return</span> success;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="清除缓存"><a href="#清除缓存" class="headerlink" title="清除缓存"></a>清除缓存</h3><p>下面三种写法都是从参数中获取id,作为key清除缓存</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@CacheEvict(value = &quot;userCache&quot;,key = &quot;#id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@CacheEvict(value = userCache&quot; key = #root.args[0]&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">//@CacheEvict (value = userCache &quot; key = &quot;#p0&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@CacheEvict(value = &quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> R <span class="title function_">delete</span><span class="params">(Long id)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    billService.removeById(id);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> success();</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="获取缓存"><a href="#获取缓存" class="headerlink" title="获取缓存"></a>获取缓存</h3><p>此处当缓存中不存在则会查询后并存入。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>存在一个问题，上面的@CachePut添加缓存值为中文不会乱码，此处存入中文会乱码（目前鉴定：可能为序列化问题）</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* condition: 条件满足才会进行缓存（此处不能获取到result）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* unless: 满足条件则不缓存（此处能获取到result）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@Cacheable</span>(value = &quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#id&quot;, condition= &#x27;1=1&#x27;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">* <span class="doctag">@Cacheable</span>(value = &quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#id&quot;, unless = &#x27;#result.data !=null &#x27;) </span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">*/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Cacheable(value = &quot;billCache&quot;,key = &quot;&#x27;bill_&#x27; +#id&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> R <span class="title function_">detail</span><span class="params">(Long id)</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="type">Bill</span> <span class="variable">bill</span> <span class="operator">=</span> billService.getById(id);</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> success(bill);</span><br><span class="line">&#125; </span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<h3 id="测试"><a href="#测试" class="headerlink" title="测试"></a>测试</h3><blockquote>
<p> 当前我们修改某id为22的bill记录, 缓存情况如下：</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://cwh6-bucket.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/bk/image-20230924144931757.png"></p>
</article><div class="post-copyright"><div class="post-copyright__author"><span class="post-copyright-meta">Author: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://gitee.com/CWH6">cwh</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__type"><span class="post-copyright-meta">Link: </span><span class="post-copyright-info"><a href="https://gitee.com/CWH6/2023/09/17/Cache-Redis%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98/">https://gitee.com/CWH6/2023/09/17/Cache-Redis%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98/</a></span></div><div class="post-copyright__notice"><span class="post-copyright-meta">Copyright Notice: </span><span class="post-copyright-info">All articles in this blog are licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a> unless stating additionally.</span></div></div><div class="tag_share"><div class="post-meta__tag-list"><a class="post-meta__tags" href="/bk/tags/redis/">redis</a><a class="post-meta__tags" 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class="toc-link" href="#%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">介绍</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E6%B3%A8%E8%A7%A3"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">常用注解</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%BC%95%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%9D%E8%B5%96"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">引入依赖</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E5%BC%80%E5%90%AF"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">配置开启</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#redis%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">redis配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#cache%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">1.6.</span> <span class="toc-text">cache配置</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#yaml%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">1.6.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">yaml配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-4"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%B1%BB"><span class="toc-number">1.6.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">配置类</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%AE%BE%E7%BD%AE%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98"><span class="toc-number">1.7.</span> <span class="toc-text">设置缓存</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B8%85%E9%99%A4%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98"><span class="toc-number">1.8.</span> <span class="toc-text">清除缓存</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98"><span class="toc-number">1.9.</span> <span class="toc-text">获取缓存</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%B5%8B%E8%AF%95"><span 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